A new study conducted by scientists at Florida Atlantic University has found that a double-layered cotton mask is the most effective at preventing the spread of cough and sneeze droplets, which can carry the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. While masks cannot completely prevent the spread of the virus through aerosols, they are considered one of the most effective mechanisms for controlling the pandemic. The researchers limited their analysis to commercially available masks and homemade masks due to the limited availability and low distribution of medical-grade masks and other professional products in the population.
To investigate the effectiveness of different mask types, the scientists simulated coughing and sneezing on a mannequin head wearing various masks, including a commercially available cone-shaped mask, a mask made from a towel, a mask made from a folded handkerchief, and a homemade double-layered cotton mask. The results showed that a homemade mask made from a firm, double-layered cotton fabric with a good fit was the most effective at preventing the spread of cough and sneeze droplets. In a closed room without ventilation, the aerosols from this mask traveled about six centimeters, compared to 20 centimeters for the commercially available cone-shaped mask. However, both types of masks allowed the cough mist to escape from the sides, where unavoidable gaps formed.
The study confirms that even simple cloth masks can help prevent the spread of potentially infectious droplets. The lead researcher recommends holding the mask up to the light to check for effectiveness, as masks are likely to be more effective when blocking light. However, none of the masks analyzed in the study could provide complete protection against the virus.
In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of different mask types in preventing the spread of cough and sneeze droplets. While a double-layered cotton mask is the most effective, it is important to note that no mask can provide complete protection against the virus. Therefore, it is crucial to continue practicing other preventive measures, such as social distancing and frequent hand washing, to control the pandemic.
