Obesity and overweight significantly increase the risk of complications after surgery and often hinder the healing process. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity and overweight have already reached epidemic proportions in Europe, negatively affecting various health aspects and increasing the risk of many diseases, including mental health problems such as depression. Researchers from the University of Colorado Denver have published a study in the journal Surgery, which shows that overweight and obese individuals are more likely to experience postoperative complications such as infections, blood clots, and kidney failure. The study is based on health data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) of 5.5 million patients, of whom 44.6% were obese.
The researchers focused on nine surgical specialties, including general, thoracic, and vascular surgery, and compared preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes within body mass index (BMI) classes. They found that people with overweight or obesity have higher risks of developing infections, kidney failure, and blood clots in the veins after surgery compared to patients with normal weight. Patients with a BMI of 40 or more (obesity class III) also have an increased risk of unplanned hospital admissions. The increased risk is partly due to the additional fat tissue, which prolongs the duration of operations and makes them more complicated. Moreover, overweight and obesity can also disrupt the immediate recovery of patients after surgery.
As obesity and overweight are complex and sensitive topics for people living with them, clinicians and researchers face the challenge of initiating conversations in a direct manner without making accusations. The study’s lead author, Robert Meguid, emphasizes the importance of open and honest communication with patients about their bodies. Obesity and overweight are not problems that can be solved by a single surgeon or institution, but rather a public health issue that needs to be addressed at all levels.
In conclusion, the study highlights the need for increased awareness of the risks associated with obesity and overweight in the context of surgery. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing these issues on a broader public health level to improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of disease.
